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һԼһӣǵס˴ҳ飬֮زز仪Ļֱס˰ߣʣһīߴӷۺİӰչ

֮زز仪֮ڹ飬Ҽҡ

˽һȺѧҡͷԵװץץ䣬̧ӵ²ͷһֻɫʰ쵵Сڴϣǽ۵ˮһë

֮ززʈʵ֮ڹ飬ҡ

ɷµǻβÿÿֱȵѧǸǹȥԽԵͯ߰Щ겻޵Ķ䣬쳤ոַһֻ񣬾ͣڸղֻԱߣѴ๣һֻë£ֱС޿ˣ첲˸һߵ̨

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͹С۾һУЦĸ仨Ƶġ۾֮ȴһվڸǰ

ճ³ƪб׷͡ǱСľͿߡ
ɫЩˣһ껹Ʈ˵ĻҲ䲻˵ģԼٰһ̻ܻؼңǿ治ֻСôˣ޼ֱԴȴպ󲻻Ųæ񡭡
ۺӵͷȴͻȻû¾䣬Ͱһأ
ްϲѡ󿨿󿨿ǡҴĬмٱ顣ȸ
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ǵʱŸոչİɡ
Ť˿˿С±ûü

͵ܣþòλӳְ̫ӭ˳ȥλİҲҾȥ˼Ҫӯ
һѾ˰ɣ⡮һƷ̡ôϾþӾˣ
еȷϽģּɩӣǡҲĿ⽥ƣһС޾վǰСӣüĿƤֻۣ΢ӡ
ͷ·ԼµĿǾą̊́ϰڵǸƯĴޡ޿ЩȻƴʿˮ
СЩˣȷҲ˸˽ӵˡ

˵Щʲôʵ벻ˡֻǵԼ֣ȻʹľͳǸ˹ȥ
ңޣ֡
󿴿ֻֿѾû״İ±˿ԥܹȥ
Զһ㡣ࡣ

֪ԭĻ̣̫ĵĶʱѡڴϱЩֻлʹе챦Ŷϡ棬ҩĵȲ඼ǴѼġ
ЩҪ
ҧſӣʹһߵ
ޱĦĲǡø޶һءÿǸŮ޶һ죬̧ޣЦݺˮһ˿
ɩ˵Цˡ뵱׾ڵʱ˵ǸŮ˾Ҫ޵ġ˭֪˿ھƣ۽΢΢졣ûƵģŴĳһŲߡ
ʢġ졣ǻĥֳϵһʢ룬಻ˡ
޾վӢ۵ľ㣬ΰĿܡ

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ͷŤڰ޵Ұ㣬ϸϸĴ


ΪݻʣµҪ㡣˳µľḮסˡ
ԴѾǸŽԺϽһʰԺһ֪жˣ״Ҷӻ۵ţԽԵŨԴ䡣޾һ£վԶŸСĿ
һСĸ˿档
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޾Ϳһ˷ۻȥȻԼ̸ִǰҴҶ

ʲôϻ̳Ͽֵĳȥסſ
Сү~ඡһѾ߶Це˵
Ҫһʱڲ֣°͵󣬡Ҫ𣿡
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һĿⷶΧѾĳһǹǣЦеܲסһ±ͨ졣

ҡ
ѿƳƳװû۾ֻȸǽͷܡ


ʵǸСԺӣһ໨ʯ̵СĻֳɼ֡ƺ޼ƽǽʯ̳ȫ¼һǵСˮƮĶɻ޾ͼǵԼСһʱǿô׳ǧ
ߵʱֻĸѾߡڸڱңҲ̫ģֻǼ򵥵ķԸѡ
Ҳ̫ٷڣطȻİԼŵ޶˵һĪ̤ʵ
ǸԴԵȥˡԼԶԶģѲ鲻Ըдһ̫òôۣ͸񻨴ɴӣڵذӡ˺ôһӰӡЩһֱֱĹУֵĻҳ·š
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ǱʮǾ䡮ҲŲҪָԼ΢΢ģЩˡ

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Լ֡ôһСءҲûʾĲֻʡ
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ȷˣ
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ǺáͷŪԼСһС̧֮ͷޡſߡ



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˻ĳЩϵĲ軨ϣЩֻŹŮĹ̫̫ǣô´廨ߵĿӡʵҲá΢Щˡ

޾òá
ͷԴһη䴰󣬽Ųòȵ״᾵ʯͷС׵ֱ˽ǰһźá
һֱܺˣν󣬴Ȼֻ֡
Ǹߣ򣡡
;źĳ񵭵Ϧһı飬һ峺Ĵ۾

˽Ѿߵûˡ
Բ϶ӻһʮְ壬ĺ춼޹Ժһˡ
ģίϻۺݺĦͨ۽ǡղŴӵʱȷΪԼӲüͷûһ¡ʣԼϴԸȥǡʮ顯Ľʱȴô̲סˡ
Ԥ׵ģһžֽϣѺòдõǸҡֻһƬ׵ֽȻֳһƬӡӣڵ졣
ްյһקֽʹһֽǡǡͣǰϡԼһڵװ棬õĹ⡣
ֽڵ롣Ǹʵ໨Ͳ͵ǡ
޳һۣЦ

˽ӺžһСͷһȥͿüСϪװϸϸһߣ߸߰ĹľԣٴǽѧĲõȥԺǼãȥص˴ӺɽѾȿֺģ˷ʢĻ
Ļƻô˵е޶ϪߣĶһһͳϸ̨Сʣ໨Ͳߴ۵һԵȫ·ŶƵǰ
һ÷塣һĻ΢磬һͷ
ҧҧ֮ͨͨЩ˵סľëˮϴ˸ŵҲ˲䱻ļϪûӰֻʣī
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΢΢һæӣʹˮȥʯϸɳߵ㣬ӹָģΨԼҪĶ

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ˮͷھӨ͸ˮϡ
һ쵣㽿ޡ


ʮôûɡ̤СʯߣĥŸôѣܲ˵ˡȥһ˵϶ʹˡ
ⲻҪʱ

ŪõʱȴŪÿеķ顣
Ȼûȥ
㡭ɴ۾
ˣͺ顣䣬߰ɡ˵ͻͷͷŵĴһ顣
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ȥ밲ʱ򣬹ȻˡôôսĳЩһ̹ȻЦŴ
Ե̻ԺżѾȻһ㶼죬ŪÿڵԼôʱ䡣
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ޱҭ˵ȭͷԼůŻʼԼΪʲôʱһ嶯ҲһӽϪȥ

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ʲôʱ룬˸
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ԼӶſˣڳһҾ⡯ı׼ģɸ򡣡
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Ȼôûͨộֵⷸ󲿷ֵǴԼʵ˴
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ŰλɴʣĻƤиͣ
޴ĺɻ̧ҵˡ
۵Ķ㣬ܲԸĵݽԷ֣صдż֡
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~ӹպáڵСมЦĺǿġ
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ʵӶ÷ɿ죬ĻƴĿƴлڽϴÿ¼ţżҲˡְֵıݴ裬ϲα֬˳ʲôСȪ,ɡ,ǼӵȵȵȵȣǼֽѿǻ÷ռ÷Щ
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ӾôȥĥĥϺϳֹҲûʲô֡ʹXXգޡżеԼеСơ
󵹶ûΪԼ˴ĳһ쿪ʼԼٸҫ֮⣬оÿ찴ȭ޲켫ˣ⼸һ˯ӣźǷ£۾ִһ㲻Ҫҡı˯ȥ
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ͻʣһˡڴϷҳ飬˰컹ǽѾѵŪЩ
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󡣡

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պ˵ÿÿ˵ԼʱҪЦƶƤ
ƽʱקĶСүȻºڡļƤЦҪϸºڡëǷᴫȾ
ʼ޶ԡֻżµͳЩšһ񵭵Ķ޶һȻֵס°ͼ˼

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⼸춼۶ͥ
ѧˣȦһֱŻҥӡŻҥΰָ˦Ƥһ
קҸŻҥˣʹ۵
ͥ˶ίһСһ⣬ɻǲ֣ɴӲ顣
ŻҥûˣҲͲٹһߡ

ιԱߣƣǲǺ֣
ɨһۣԴʥ顣̶ϻûɣһҪġ

ӹˮ㻶
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ѧﶷ֯񫡣ӣһѡסţסֻСϣں죬ʡҫһһǣһ̾սĺ졣

סΧڽţ˴ſһɹ׵ض۾ԱߣһĹβ룬СĵĲŻꡯ졣
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⸣˶ռһھǵĲҵ֮һǾĵˣϰ弴һֱߵϻơյ֮ǰչһˣ˵ھһгסеȻֱǡ
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˵Ҫֻ֯ɤ˵һ飬Цġ
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Ҫġһ룬ָϽ£ģ˭Ҳ򲻹áʱ̣ȡ


ĳʤ˳˷š
ˣҵġӮ˶پ֣ʤ߾֣ûŻҥǸġ۵ϸߣСĿ˶ϿС滨һüɫҫͣ
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ԼòҶ¶ˮһϵĴ˿ڹӵһߣɪɪʤ߾ֵĴ÷˿٣붼Ѿһ롣
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ϰǳϰ塣˶̵ġǵһ̡ȻҲǿյġǰŸճţϰžͼеĻƣصķԸ˼䣬ȫƺƵĽˡǸشССĳжɽҰСݴԣʱ䶼ˡ˶һֺšĹơ
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ǰֻͨīϣʴĴ֯ݵıȦĳϰôɹʢţ
ԣֻƷĽ֯´ı޼ο޵һֻء

ͬѧˢˢȫվһߣ챻ܵļѻ޲ܵ־ģҪһźáͱŹһѿҫ֮̾УЦúǿġ
㬵һµĻģС񱻽Ƶյž졣
৵һץס֣ɷ˵ؽԼߡ


ļʱƣѾĩβ
СϪϸˮˮϹӰʱʱ໥õĵӰ죬ȣƣ̵Ӱ߲һֱɢ¶мһ졣
ƨʯͷ˰죬ʱСײĿһֱգһͷһҶӡ
УԴϵҶҶ˺üˣŴ֯ʺûУ
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С˵һֻǡñץ˰ɡգգ۾
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СŤͷ
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㡭ʵûֽźܿľͱڵ϶áôһţͷȥԼûбռݵһڷ⡣ͶԼƤһԼôϢӰ
ܵȡ
ȵܡ
ѡȥ־ͷͻȻ˸ô˵



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΢΢ѹ󣬡ƭ˰֯˵λҲˣ
˼ǼűǼ⣬һģճԭֹͣ޶ʱЦ㶵Ŀ󡪡ƤºȻһ촽ƯĻߣеĹ棬۳ССһ
ǰԼ˺ܾúܾõǾ׵Ĵޡ
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﾿ʲô˷ߣִؿڸ
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˾ţӶ˼άȫߣ˭֪ղŷʲôһָ÷ʲôֻǱ˴ס㵵໥ţ·΢һεȡ
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ޣҲ죬ǳɫŶӹȥƨֲһš
쵰ÿʮȭ

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һЦŻҥܹסʲôһ档
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У


׵Ĵɹޱ˷ںľԵøۡ
еһԣɫСӵ˲٣зȥĦС壬޻һ£ʹĨĨĺ
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ԼһӶٿôֲˡ
ԼԱŵˣһֱḮûȫع
޼ǱŤ͵˼ңһǿվǡҲٹ˼Լά˴뱲ӵΪʦˣӵ۾סȣΪµ˼붼޲ų⡣
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һˣһ£̧ƹͷ˵ǡˡ޾һվţû۾ȴǺͨͨģҲԼ
ĿӴȱԼ˲˰ߡ


˽ӣһֱſڡ˸ϽޣʧĽȸ¹ϴһ仰û˵꣬ѾŭĴ̤˽ˤ۵죬ɫࡣ
ү޶̰ЩҸղѾݺ˵ˣѾ֪ˣ˸Ͻžޣϴ
û˵̻ţһѣѽ
ԲѷûʦҲɵĳҵˣ㻹ָޣ÷ɴҴˣҲù涪ۣ˵žһߴȥüҷһӣ޴һ˶ͷ£
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Ա߿ľսĬĬһǣֽŶȻ֪ҪôڣֻĿš


ܿ˻ƻ衣
֦Ժǽִ׳һȦǵõʱԼʱ򣬻ҶӺ˺ܾá
գۼѾüˣҶֻƣ̳ҲλãϲŪģԼϷĻȫԺڣЩջ˻ˣְˣʱõʱԼҲӦˡ

޾ſԼůؽ۶ûһ
˴һȺѾ߸ϸҩֹ˺һӣŷ뿪

еſڹһᣬŽȥ
ſڴϵ꣬ЩЦӰӣӰӣĴγ˶ӰӣĺܲҲǺ޵ӰӣŵҲҪʵֵӰӣÿαԼҭ˵ӰӣǽźÿüëԼӰӣһ¸ֳ
һôʱ䣬ӲϰߣӡҲĲϰߣÿһ£ÿһϸڣֱӿԺŸ̾ԼԭԼǵôġ
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Ϊʲô
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Σǰֱ
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ڴϣԴ
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ԶԶģɤͷһɢҶ䣬Hѧ
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֪ʲôʱ˯ˣ˯˶೤ʱ䡣ѹʱ滹꣬ɵɫѹһ
ϲôˣ첲ѹ÷顣޾ÿڿʣͺһСѾ߾Ųˡ
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סˡۣΣͿѾߡƭҡ
СѾ߸Ͻÿӣ㿴Ǵ϶ˣɲˣ
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ˡ
컹ģͻȻͿˡ
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վĳϣϸɵѳʪ˿һ룬Ĳæ·ϡ
Сүүչ⾰Ҫסģο໹ҪһˡḮŲǸЩ
Ŵ⿴ʾתݼﻹҼµãԼȥȽ׵
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£΢΢һЦ˯


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ҲҪҪݼķţȻԼſ˰ʱ׻ֽϳ֮ҲͶһЩССҲīѣջǱӳ˴
費˼룬ʲôƵġΪԼֻڼˣͻã˭֪һʰ
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ҲңϷź⣬۵ģ治Σ㻹زȥˣȥ˰ɣ
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跻һߣŹ˵üɫ裬оͦ⡣ŻҥԱ֧ŶһᣬԴʲô滨ҿ˳ͷࡣǸʲôط
˵ǻƺӵؽ磬ҲԶ߰յ·̣ȥ͵ˣ޶裬ȴȻһӰӸסԼأͻ
ͦ˰δ䣬ѾһԴϣ޲ѲˮԼ
ȿȿȡޱǺסһͿȣŸʹ󣬡ι˵ģ
Ա߸Լ衣˼ˣ˵˳飬ô
ôȽЪһᶼа޻ͷǱ˼·Ļ⣬ͷѾʮǰǸ֮ءˣҲȥأ鶼ˣ
˼ûؼȥˣǵأտգе֡
Żҥüëֲ⣬˵үҪС֮ƣҪڸϯλȥ;ջţȥȥ
ŶͶСǸӣлᵱȻҪȥһ޺һڲ裬»⡣
СҲʮ˰ɣֻС꣬ΪúãүĸʲôƵġ
ԾҪΪҲδ֪²豭λ˵Ҫץᣬǧ˺˵һЦվ̧ˡʣĿϵš

ڻظĽѾôˣķ硣
飬Ǹղ˵Ļ⡣
ݡָĽ˽ǲĵطء




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ջصҵ޽žͳٺٵЦһֵͷȥ̧۵ʱѾɱԼˣɫϲӻš
ڲضˡһҳ飬װû

ȻԷʱĨĨͿʼ˵үӣ˵°ҹգҪԼ磬ͻȥҽˣ׼ȥ
ۡްǿڷȻּвʱö϶ɫһ
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ҳԱ˽컹йȻȥˣ㰲Ъ~æһȻ״ŵĨһ·С˷䡣
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޽ݾͰڴϣžѹȥ
ЦĴø첲ʹס°͡ιƨɣβ¶ˣ
˵ľֻϹ޷ûһϣǺܸɴ·üëһͦүΪѧ֮ˣο飬ȻҪҹѧ֮·˿˷Ѳʱ䡣
ѽү㿪ˡͷϲ붯ͷҡҲš
޺ٺһЦҲ˵ޱȾӵˣЬһ꣬鵲ǰ¶һ۾䵽Ļȡ
ΨϣΪܾ֮󾭣֮󱾣֪֮

ϳͻȻˣԭ㿴ļҳҲ÷ƤŴһܣ֮ô˯ˡججıϽǧذתƾ
۾ʱѾҹˣƺһ㺮ѹϣӣԺȥӡ
˴һ˴ĸO@ǿȥȴ޵ﻹλεŵơ
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޺һͦŵɴ۾󾪻δһ
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ˣֻװ߳ŭĵĲģһסһŤͰ§Ȼڴϡ
ι㡭ƴСŷ޳۾Ưĺÿ֮Ҳ⾪ˣһѹסԼȫӲȥ
ѽѽСֲˡЦǲԵġǸ˭˵ţมʳŮ֮ɡҲʲôֻԼѣ˭Ͷģɼǹ~
˵ˣģ˿ʾʲô߰ġԴҲԺƽ±һƪǼ˲١һ߬ŵ˫֣üðɺðù㡭ſɣһȥ͵һԲ˵㵽жа಻֪νģ˵ޱȴֱĿ
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᲻÷ſá

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ȫһŽȥȻԼ´֣ڵûعЦЦ
ڣٿһĻûе飬Ը


ɽͷƵķָȥ֪֮Ժ˯ȥһΣԼЦ
μʯ̳¼С㣻ˮ棬һز⡣
ޣſԺǽͷϣһҹҲݡ



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С죬޵εĻ


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ЩӢ۾ˣû˼Ϸ֣һۣûʲôÿġ
һ٣оﲻ̫Ծ˵
ҲͲŤȥŻҥ˵Цһᣬʪʪģƺ͸ڣˡ
ʱȻͷܽһѾߣǸղŸСģ۾Ⱥ;ֱܵ޸ǰṫӣС
ץץԴһĪȥģֲ󣬡ȥʲô
֪ˡСѾ΢Ц
ЦЦṫߺð׽͸
бһۣ·վ
ߡ

ڰ緹˵СЩʣԳͣ¡һȺӵܹӸ硣ֻүڱ֮䣬ЦĲá
̾һֱӾͱһѻᡣ
Ǽһﻹû
һӿ֮ѣԼЩͷ۾л˼ҡ

죬ӽϵĸţ˵ѾԼ˸ܵܣǴǱİõֻ֣֮ΪҪǵðѾǵķӾһ£ⶼ
ѧ顣
봺͸׼ˣ֮ǰǻ׼ҪԼٳȥ

ʵȥҲһ㡣
֪Ϊʲôÿ뵽ﶼۣ길ǵĴԽԽˣ˵Ҫڴ˶ӵȴƫƫڽϽףʣԼһ˻ټĿշӡ
ʱҪߵʱȴһס˵ߣҲУ˵СϰסΪʲô˷Ҫߣ˵Ѿҵ˵ʲôܷߡ
ЦգʲôһˣҪֿġ
˵ֿһֲ
˵仰ʱ۾ǰδй棬񶼼ǵá

˵ֿһֲ
Ҫǡ
磬һҲһ졣

еᣬڴ⿴ȣһС꣬ĽֵȾɫԵֳء

ͻȻҪֿأ




[ʮ]

Ҫؼң

Ǵβ軨Ժһ죬үСƵıŻٻޣ̸˵ЦԳΪһ֮֮ûʣ˲Υÿÿ޽Сźѧˡ
ƺҲС
СѾͷͦġ˽ϴǼСΪŪ϶ִҪѣ˵ô֪ҵĳ룿
дֵָ֣ͣ׵һëʣʼ϶׸īɻƵĳ˵ȻڴǱߴʢһĲҽ΢΢Ц
ѽ治˼

Ҫؼңĸң
޻ѻ׷ʡ
ҼҡһزȥݵġЩȻ˵߷ӽҴ㣬ٲȥ¾ͻķˡ
ȥܰαҪȥ޲ˡ
Ϊһģ
ȥ˾͸ˡ밡һҹ˯ԺܳȥŻ˱Ȳᣬʧǳټʱ񲻾ֻʣһĻˣ޶̾Ϣ
󲻵˵һ˹ȥүﲻô
֮ȥðЩȥȥ
ض𣿡šüë
ضˡ
ȥ϶ȥȻСҪߣܲţȦһҪȥүġ
һתɶ㿪ʱֽֿڣ㰮

ڶҪ꣬Ƶ͸
һ˶ʵȫΪѧ׼ġȥһ˸˶Ȱѷйܸϰ壬ԼüǮ
ǣǾֵʱ޾Ѿˣ̽ͷ̽Σһ֪ǵ˲ʱˡ
ӣүءҲˣǲԼȵģ
һЦȱأֱͣӹȥͺá

˸˶պÿϰһλָ磬죬ǵӦʲôʱĨƵġ
ϰ壡ҿǿ⾩һֺſеģָ˽ɫ԰ףСѾ߲ǿס
ˣϴЩʹصشݸѰģ̫ˣδǧ̫ˣչ鲻Ǵɽôźðϰ̯֣һΪѵӡ
ϰɾĲˣǷƽûչ˹⣬ôСĵģҷ˺εţԺεĲ裬ҹΣô˵СѾͷһߺٻݵ塣
ϰЦ˵ôã
Ұ˵ݻһ裬ЧݻҩŶģزָġݡڳݡͻȻ£˫°Ϳʼϲ֪ʶ֮Ԩ֮㷺̾ΪֹϰΣæһһ¡

Ժǰһĵӵͷ̾Ҫѧũٲݣ
ϰֻ̾Ϊүһ檣Ȼ˾䡮ʰ֪֮գ͸ħƵҪ
棬ǡ
Щ峦ҩ裬˱ҪǣȰͶЧ
޺ǻҺɫĲĩҩ˱Ƕ
޺ϰǿɶЩɶõĺöѰҩҲ
Ǻã΢΢ЦһЩ
ϰˡ


ֿʼ꣬βôִּ࣬ԶԶ
޳ʱһˮ޳ɾˣ
գӣ󣡡ˮҪð𣬶ʳһ˹
ˮˮæ㿪һЦĪǸСˮ̣
ˮ̣һأ޴㣬Ҫڽֿڵ㣬Լôû
ѽָָ⣬ɵӲ껹ء
㡭޷ۣȴ˵ʲô
ϵĲƸȿڲůӡ
ʲôʱôˣ޽ӹӣŵúϲ£Դϸ⻹𣿡
㰮Ȳȡȥᱭӣȴһס
ȺȺȣ˭ĲҲܲС˵һڹ£üͷʲôζȻͿʼӻ·
󱧻شϣ䡣
Ȼ
·һ룬üһšʶСѲɸղ˶ˣ
ĥԼеʲôʲôӦӦǱȽѾŶƤɱ˳ȥ
ֻȥıӰòǡ̫˰ɣ

ڴϺߺߵڡֻ˵ˣûʲô󰭡ҩҲȹˣҲԹˣɻߺߡ
Ҳȥ飬ԽԽеڣʱͻȻ
󡣡

ҡֱ׳
ȷԼȷûء

ɻ߹ȥͷô𣿡
޷ɫװ׵ģһû˵
ι
˵ҪôҰɣ

޳ס֣Сˣ˵ôҰɡ
ˣҲȥôš˵ô졣
޺ٺЦǿ壬ζ̾Ҳ䲻˰ΪôȥĻҳҪġ
һ˳ֱ۴۵̿һƬЩӲͷ˵ʲô
Դˡ
ţȦĿ
ˣҪߵĻ޵ˣƫƫֺÿŲߣһξôԸݽȥڶ߻ɢ
һߡ

׶͵ᣬͿܲ˵
Ҫһߡ


[ʮһ]

ǧңݺ˭ѻߢѻߢͷŪѿ
մ⼸죬׷ѣūµգգ׷

С輧ӵٴĵְˮñ˯һԡ
ްѾ˴ӶһֱӶ΢΢࣬İ̲סˣһ£ιδҲôڸ΢ôѿƺðɣ
СҲˣһѰƺˣҲĹһ޿ɥ߬ס֣˵Сʱܱ齭ϣҵʱŵûʲôͯ껹治һıҰ
֣ҪΪ˶Ƶģͬѧ

ʵޣ⽭ʵÿۺֻ̾ǿϧǧһķһ˳ţҲֻؽԶԶˡ
ǰЩžݵģ˸Ķ֪㽻ã˵ҪȥϽһȼ˹ȥȻһҪʸ
γȥѧҪ̰֣˱Ҫʱʱ̿̽ЩЩӰ˵ëʲôĲ㣡ߵǰһϣ˶޵۾
˴ѾǽҪȫֲ֮䷳һһѡҪдűƽ˵žȦЩ졣֮ǰϽӦ¶һСǻġ


̤壬ӭһһ㡣
ûӣûˣҲܺµðޣվӹ
źվС˲ܹǻ֪ɣݳѾ˳ţȥġ
ȥͺˡ˵ţȥ˵
ת۾ڻδﱼ۵ޱȻΧɫã䲻義Ǻ಻罭컣ȴҲǷ羰续ѾһˣɫľȻޣ̵ӯӯȴûһ˥֮ɫ
Ҳ˾ҿﲻ֣˽Ƶġϵͷϱ紵˿вȥ˷ܵգ۾
Ƴһۣ˽͵Ѱ·˵ƲԼܿЩ
޻򣬡ã
̫ˡ̽ǰӦÿ쵽ˡ

ܿ͵ݳţʼڵϸô죬˭֪Ÿ˽ΣѾӭ˹
λǲṫӺչӣû뵽֪ϸģӵǲ磬ֻԼһң߸˧˧ģǵһӡ
ǡеδıôһ۾ϵó
ˣһ֡һЦǰ·ɣڵء

֪˶ʱһͬõҲȻûжţ۾޳֮󲻽ƴЦ
ԭһλ͵ܵĹӣһգ۾ôã
ʶ˺áǰҾ
Ҳͺáͷֿޣ㸸׵յˣ˵ȻԽҲʵЩ˵ҲǺõģ̫ԺûϢҲɸǰһһ䣬һʹѾҲУǺǡ¸ĸš˵̾˿ܣǰЩ˵ǼӰźûλȥɡޣʲôҪѴˡȥɡ
˴Ӧˣ͸ܳˡ
ղеŹ֡
޳ӡ𣿡
û˵ָϣȻ󿴿ǰܡ
ꡣ

δȻẮǿ졣
̳価ޡȴҶ̿СǮ
˵졣

һŷ۷۵һĿϵ󣬡ʲô
ʼ磬ʹڽϴڣ·гѾǣƲϵһۣɵȵԼȻǸϲ׼ȥֻ̾Եĵͷ棬澰
ԺӵһƮ㣬ˬʵʱʱɹȺĹ㣬ô벻⻹졣
ӶѾʰ׵ˣǶⰲµģλ԰סܴţԿ׷ڵϡ
ܿӣݸϣڶһӦȫһСԺӣһʯȻ̷ۣĲˡ
ˡ޵л̲סʣһ˼ʱˣǲݵһ𴦲ͬרΪģ
ЦҪڡ
еİԺĿſƹһСӰ֮Ҳ˽
ܻͷüͷһ壬ôˣ
ѲѲ˰ȻŰ˵⣬ҾҲǲ磬ϸüëĹ⣬޿ֱ۾Ͻ󣬡ιιСҪȥˣ
΢ЦݺݳŲȥ
ܸϽܣ½ҵСֵܡλӣǰġ
½ҪʺãȴЦλʲôĻſڲ˽ȥҾͺãǾͲˣǡ˵һѰ½˳ȥ
ߺá˴ţŰѽȻ۵ǣݿ羰ãҲ˲𣿡
һûӦ
˵󲻾չ˱ſЦԺϴˮͶиˡžͶɵԭޣԼһСܽӡ
ǡ
ƲС֦ҡɢ䣬Ⱦһ⡣


ԭһռ̺ŶûСŸټĽУƵӭչӳﶼĪʸУԴֲ㵽
ԺûôùˡС̣Ҫ׵ĻͱҪʡԼá
һ֪ΪνͷǾʡԼð
šѹȥĳ嶯ȻعʱԼжʻԮ֡
ʲôأ˻ȻƵõԶ־״ҿȥԵ㶫Ȼȥȥȥһȥؽȥ

ûסڰ˹ȥ



[ʮ]

˵һԴͷԴ
˵ⲻǷϻ

Ǹӹŵˣ˽Χ˺öһ˻ϲ£ѾСûԻ̾ǵһȺձû˴֯޵ѧڴ̨ϰ˵Ϊϲ
޾һ
ʱͬѧǶʵ˼ʱķ绨ѩºʱ⣬ĽĲʦĸмˣʲô䣿ؽͤһֽɹ顣
ֲ㾭򡣡ڵͷָ̣ͷİȥһС̧ͷǽаô
һѸպȽˮԶ

ųƿµռ̺ȴûУǰҲûҲԼݵԭɡ󼸺Сͳס˾ǣ˶ĳϰͲûĿڳơˡˣյֻڽϴƴĻ㽫ߵĲҵȫ
봺ĵԣٳü޵ķֲ···Ҳǹ޵ǰ;ҪߵһϾҪԼѡ
̵
ʵҪģһ¡ҲӦʱȡˡ
ޡ
ްһӵλǣУϽ̧ͷ
ԡ
״ԪУϳ¡ҪΨǴӣһ̫ҫ
׼
̫Σ˿϶ŭȻ٣ôһӱ뿪˾ǡ
ʲôΣ
Ŀ
һ㶣ͣڰгʻе״˰βһţѽһָ
Ƕֻè

Сèĵ֦˯㣬شصһ໥ڸǿɻڲסһڰĹ⻬ƤëƺȵĹԴϷǵСèƤ뷭˯ȴ۵һǡö˫İ۾
ޱСޱȺ档
˫룬СèֽһҪӡ
־סľӣൽԼǰϸè۾Һɫ
ҿȤƴè˹Ӹסļצӣͦף˵ϡݣֻèֵġ
һüܵȥ˶޶Ӧܴﵽʮϣ΢ٿһ㣬˵רŴӸ纣ԶԶĻô̲סҪͳ
λȻԱߴͷſͤͷ£վһλ¹ӣ΢΢Цݡ
͹˵ĻǷԽҵè£

ֱСèһ˻ֻ۾ˮһ
޹֣ΪδôƯèǵһʱ棬¡
ְɣ΢΢Ц۾˲ѡ
ŶǱϣ
Ҳǰɣ¹Ǵ˵أ˷طˡӻèһλˣ
ţĽһαصġ
ԭˣλûµĻȥСؽͷָָһЦܡ롣

һž;̾ľ¡
ĸ֣λŴǳɫĹ̨Ϸ峺ķ⣬Ϻõɫ̨棬Ұгϸİݻȴҡ׵ĽзֱĸãµĴвŸĵƣ⻬һֱ쵽촹ϵա
һԵĺȲʡϰƹΣԵϻ裬лСӺмҵӡ
һЦֻСʱҸӰˡؽʢĽϣҪ϶̫װɡ
ȴҲѡϰḧϵèĶƫƫɻЩطȴû˸⣬ǡҲûʲô
ǶȤʲô
˵Щˡ˵ҲЩ˵ľ׶ѣҲû˼ϰ崹۾ṫҪǺ棬Ͳȥԣ¡һϡ¶ó
޻ûüӦԱ߰һ˳ֵһۣ˶ɻƫ㻹ʣˣȻʹݲȽ»ͷղ˵Ƿ磬ðһȥˣĪطҲⳤꣿ
ŶϰһžЦЦûУڽϸˡ
ǡ±Ҳǽݣ֪ûȥ
ȥպô˵Լ¹ϣ˵԰֡

޼мһһˡϺáûȥȻҲʵĵʱȥֻèСèһεıţ۶ûֱ߳ŭһҧס޵ָͷ
һ£ȻСѲ豭ϣ
ҧҧҧҧˣ


ˣ
ڻؼҵ·ϣ˦ָͷޣƲƲ졣
֪һҧ߿켸˼磬㲻˵ӲһǼƥ
һ·
ŶôãЦչ˵ôãһҲȥתת
ȥȥüȻ󲻹Ǽطļֶ񡭡Īڳأ
˵ʲôһͷˮ
˵ССݿһĽΪʲôͻȻ
Ǯգգۡ
ôῼܿ״ԪĿƵû˵͸ɴһ§סǿתȥ
״Ԫô㻹ң
ǣҡҡͷ˵ʲôջû˵
޵ĸ첲۾ģһһٵģ˵

ᣬޣңˣ㣬룬͡


ҹҲġ
žϲˡ
ſдʲô޾ʹӺ汧˭֪ľͿʼ䱾Ŀʼȥ
ԼĴȥ˦һīˮ
дʲôίĨĨ
ϰ壬Ұ⼸ϼĻȥȥǼ巻ģЩϺõĽСطǲ̫õġպպī֭д
ǸϰĽѵΪ֪Ļ޻Ȼ
ˡдˣ˱ۺţԴ㴲ȥ
ҼСҪˡ޸űƵİ̹§ڻȥסܡ
ȴûûɤͬ˾޴ĺڸһֱ֣¶һ֣˵ڣ˵ڣƫƫͣפеĽϡ
顣
𣿡

ͣʣ˵ʲô
ۣøˡ

⣬ҹ繳



[ʮ]

˭֪ڶ컹ûͲˡ
˷纮Ӧ˷磬ųҩްˡͬõĹȴһתҹͷҲעЩǡ
޾æĵͷӦšǡǰŸհѴߣ漴ڻǰ˫ֺʮٹͷʹļ״
ҴҴСˡ
;ģƫƫͷ۵ǿ˸̧ƤޡҪʵû¸ɵĻȰҩ˰ɡ
ϵȷůͣէһס͸䣬οߵԼһϵıӡ
һϵ硣

˳˳Ĳˡ䣬С¯ǰ棬ǳĻ𣬵磬кѬ۾ۡ
üͷൽĲӣᱻģ
ȥС½Ǹҩԭץһ飬СĻ
ҩ治ǰɣȻˮȵġ½ĨĨЦغÿ
޻ûü죬ͿһŶֱ

Ҫôҩ뿴Ժ·ѾߣͰ͵ӭչȻɵĺ
ҺòѽҩѺȡ


ÿ춼·
ڽֿڵӰһһ챻Ϧø޾Ц˵ǿ˭Դȵסĳǽ
ڶ¹˵޾ͱȸڽ鷻һ硣ѺһȫȻ󣬡ǽʲô
ͷҲ̧
޷ۡīסߣյСռлƽݣǧڣ񡭡޾ʹķ϶͵͵⿴
ÿСʱ𣬴Ӹʶ𣬴ӵһǺÿ˸ô
һӶ
󡣡
ţ
ҡֹлѿڶȴͻȻһ
Ҫ˵ʲôе֣ɴĿ
Ҷˡްյɦɦӡ

˵ЩʲôֻҪ˵Щʲô
ﻮõľÿÿڶɢ
޺ãůأҲ̫żȥ׷
ΪδϾܳԶ

δܳԶСɱϵǡãȽȽ˳ָء
ղ̻ʿǺҶձʵûʸ˵仰豭ǻճ֥飬ͬѧ
ĨĨ죬Ҷȥģ
ؼҡеƣ೤ĺǷؼ˯ȥ
˯ʱ䳤˻ɵġ޺һ֣һѳ˳⼸춼˭ҹԼϲߵģ˭ſһѾʾмŻĺģΪʲô׷ǵΪҾǳʢ̫Ѩ֡
ɻȻԱߵһϴүɳʵףװ֪
ǾŵİӰϴүЦǺǵӣҪӻ¥˵ඡ

ȥ¥޳գգۡ
ϸ۾һȣĹ⣬ͷĻ϶һֻտ˻ȵè


ݣʹ֮¥
仰¥𱴺ˮֶɫ϶ÿӸ£žл֦չĹΧ£ƣãС鲽ȵǸ罿ˮġ
˵˻¥Ǿǰһ⡣۾ֱֱȻЦЩ
һⴺˮְɣ⻰̫˶ɫҲÿȥ
˵Χһӣò̾޳ĵȷܹŮϲֱҧӻӲɷ˵˹ȥһҲһ°׵ݺƲ˵ӵұ˵Щʺɴ¶ߵѩظǣƲǵ֬͵һֱӾǰδй۾֪ĸźãֱֻ㶵سЦ
Ϊ׵ĹЦӯӯ˿ڡλӿءòǵһ⻨¥~
ƿԱֻ֣ҲЦǰһ⣿˵겻ƻǲǰṫӣ
Ӵ~С˵ЦĶǰݰ¥ͷɷ죬˵ȥҷ԰ظǽ󣬿϶ǵ~ǹЦЦһӾ˦˹
ƫͷܹʵһޣЦŶǸ˵Ҹ˵
ʹչ˵˼仰ƴ֧˶Ҳû壬ǹɫɺתףһȻֱ
ǿǲˡĨĨƤⲻڨЦţֻԼȺְɣҲͲźˡžͰڰ֣Ǽһȥˡ
ް˼⣬չ˵ʲôôȫˣ
ѽѽṫӵĺ»ǲ˼վٽǻˣˡˡ


޽˾ǮܳѾ֪ȥˡ
ȥң̫ЩƫˣɻûӰӡĪԼȥˣž׼ߣ·¥̲סͷһۣӡ
ڻ¥һСŪãСŪֱͨǸ֦չĴԺӵģһ·ǵ֦ǽͷ׺ûлɾСͼʡ¾˽ȥȴպ÷һϤӰվüʵһӡ
£Ƕ֪
ѵö֪Ҳ⻨¥ĳͣ
Щ֣ͣ˽Ųһԣʵ뿴֪ȵľĹ
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ôˣŮӵѲᣬ
ȥ˵ſ˽ȥȻ۵Źϵ졣

ϡá
ȭ

صҿڴϣﱧһ飬۾
Ҳ˵Ьϴһѽ󳶽üͷһˣͦεüë
Ĺأۡ
ˡ쳣ݵĹ̶ֽŽţȥԣҡ
ʹͷȥ
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Ҹ˵ʵ̫׵ѡҲ˵øʵ̹Ȼ
˵ߣӴ˾̡޵ͷ˵ž͸촽˼ɵſҪҧһȻܣ˲඼ٿȻᵽɤۡδ֪Ĵ֮ǰڻתʱסԼӡ
˵˵ȴͣλãֻǿԼٺٻЦһͣƵĿ
΢΢˵ͷſҡ
˵á
ŵС
á
Ҹ˵ṫƫƫԣ¥Īû๫ɡЦƤ
ܺá͵һʱҲеɫžת˻ǵû֣󱧵øˡСֵˡ
㡭Ҫӡ
ߺߡɱϻѹס¶ܲҰܲҡ˵ˡ
ҲͷˣȦĹԹԱȦ첲
޾Ϳſ̾Ȼů˳Ƥ޵

˭Ƶģ˵˵⵽׹˭



[ʮ]

˾ͻм顣

˵˶֪űһźǺֱЦҪѽá
һ飬ˡԱߣ˵Ҳ㡣
šٽһ㣬ԴϴԼСһ֮Ϊ޾ͿϹԹԵİֻԼˣ˭֪ԽŴŲһ𣬲Բ˵Ϊˡչ˲ˡ󿴵̾Ϊֹĸ첲˵ĸ첲𣿡ⴲôԼģ

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޽ëëŴչͬһ§̾ʹҰɴҰɣұ֤á
Ҳ֤ܶáͣͣǧ˾үСǧ˼˵Ͱ͵ԶȻȥһ֮ء
һ˵ʲô
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˵ΪʲôҪܡ


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д˵׼ʱ˾ͿʼŻӣҲΣҹҲΣƲҪĨˣҪŪˣ͸ɴԵſ׹ͲûֱӶڵϿٲˡʱ޵֣ứ˰ҲûĵܿˣʱȰοꡣ
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޳ܡԶ˶٣ƻˡ
ѧġЦڵȴһ˯ˣⴲ̫ðš
֣һ׵˳ȥ޲ҽһѽ御


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극ȥ˶ǣҲһţչſھͿŻҥŶͥ粢簤ȡ
˶೤ʱˣ£С˰ཱིˡ
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ƹ̿¯޴ӹһڡԺּӿ羰ȥ鷻˼졪һȷͦϡġأ
ƵģԶĲȥĲȥͽ˸ݰɣ޲ܰȫҶϡŻҥ̾ȫͥԱı硰Ϲ˵˵ʲôҪȱĴҪȥ˵ֲǣȥһܾͲȱѽ
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϶ҪģλҪøλŻҥͥ˲һ£ôһеʱײǣ
ףûסˮһӡ
ȡŻҥεͥǱߺ͸ʵҲûʲô˼ģı䲻˾Ͳȥı䣬ʧܾܶȥȡģǲЦ
һ㶣Ȼ۾գȻŻҥ϶ͥ򣬵ͷġ˵ҪߡŻҥæסȥģ
ؼҡһۣУεԸģҪĳһˡ



[ʮ]

緹֮ǰͻص˼ңǴӽϲɻصСôԼݽĻصĻһֻϰ˰գٽϦ¹ðΪȣȵ
ȿǶǰޣ۾д£ƺûԼƵġ
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޵ȹǾдתͷһЦ׼԰ʲôֵģ˵㲻׼ˣȻҪȥ
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ףǣҧúม


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ѧѧϰʲôϵ˿Ҳӣȥ
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СᱣҰɡѺҪҰ
ס
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Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˯ŵģѹʱԱߴ㶫С˼һ
۳һᣬŷӦҪң
ǻؼҡץϡĲˣһݹꡣ
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ˡͷҲ̧ϸ
Ҿȥ㡣
ðѾߣѶ͵ȥתӿޣҲεġ
ʧʹˡ첲߬֡
Ǵˣ㻹ǷʮծûءЦеİ첲رã·˰
š޿ת뿪ͻȻߣӰʧģģһƹУлҪ

ץץͷЦЦǡ᲻áÿʱҪؼȥģΪʲôоһһǿЩüͷԡ
ǵҪͺá



[ʮ]

ת۾ǳϦ
˸սָϳԸſ˼Ͱѵȫϸ²ЩġɨɾԺﶼ˲ʣҲ׼˳ڶºóһ
ɫҲµģ¯ϺõģȻ󱻹λǰƱ̻ڡ
͢Ъ٣˾͵ָŰҷ񡭡ȫæĲֺ
ڷ￴飬һЩķңס˾ܵǰ濴ѩɾûüëҳСѾ߾ͿЦүʢи˵֣ôȥ
룬˻ȥԴʥ顣
üԼ鶼òȣǹչա

굹ǳЩ
ݼΧӳҹյڳϦǰϻһ¾ҿԭĻϲĶڱϣֻñĵܵһ
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ǿ껴Ҫһ˵ĺãյͷЩƬҲʱ֮衣
Ͻҡͷҵõ֮˱ϣѶЩϺõ˲ιЩ϶ҪƬĶࡣ
յҪ˵ȷ˰ۣųȥ͸үĲˣ˲ζЩ궼ȥ㻹ƫҪٶЩⲻԼԼ𣿡
ЦЦͲ˵ˣȴùյȤ޷˵
Ҳ͸¿ӣڵ˲ζЩвΣöŲ꣬һůЩ뾥ȫҪãＸǿˣƬ÷ŲӲĵո㣬ŪЩ־ûҪˡ
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æͷ˵ǣῴ׶һĿʹɴĵܵܵСԴЦ
ʲôѽĸи㡣

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Ϲ˵ţ˵ĸƵġ
㲻ŰԵſڿӣԺܣҴȥ

ޣżϢҰޣŻͽɫƬ׷ڳϦҹĺڰĳһȵҹʱװβӼҼһǰ߹ļҵûûͽǼҵСߡ
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˼ϲԽ˹ҪȴһѸأ

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ޡܳȥСˡץץͷ쵽Ӹ
Ц㲻˵ҡͻȻһƵըû˿ڣŽӲӵĹ߸ᣬҹƵĽڽڰˣһʱ䣬硣

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ֻٳûжƫƫʱ˵ʱը졪ը죬һܲľ˴һڼҶѾ߼Ҵŵϵʱ򣬷ѹϣµ˻ܲ͸磬Ѿ˹ȥòȴһѪ
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ǰϵƲ֪ʱɢˣԼԼ͸ǣԶĹߡ
ôͻȥɣҲҪԣ˵õġ

ʵҾޣĻܵõأһҩ߬סգգۡ
Цˡ



[ʮ]

ֻڼҴ˳壬ĸɨĹϺ󣬱̻˾ǡ
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үϹܼҽӹĶͽȥˣͿޣô
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ʱĵĹͷ¡ͻȻСʱ򳳼ܣҲһһͷ˭ҲŲ˵мλһߡÿȭأþúþûˣ󿴿ԼȭͷеЦ
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ǾͰѼҰһУСƾһɹ
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ۼҡ޵ţ㣬ҵġ

ŬɣЦЦָĲ˼֡˰峺ĳҪȥķ򣬻Զ·ƽ̹ҲҪԼһһ߹ȥġ


Ҳô롣
ＸŲŲЩҹ緶ܵĿʭӡ
üµĿȭģ˿϶ٿЩһһ֡
ǰ;·ۣɹʡɹ˱㵱ɹ͵Ĺ־
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ʮ壬ԲˣӦ˵ƻᣬҡڣӳ⣬ۡ
ջѾ߶ܳȥˣԼñͷҵĶ졣أʮԼܳȥԼ˵һĹûУ
ԽԽաǾͼӣô׼ԾΪ˭ˣΪԼˣԼֲѾˣֱǰ˼⡣
ˡ
ҪӰ֪ʲôʱſϣЦЦؿֱں滹ʲô
޿йѱһַһ飬ôûȥְ
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ȥ޶񣬡û顣
յСǰһţһյ÷һյ°ϸɴϣ͸ģ
͵Ұɣ

ûȥϣͽԺ
¹·ϽһԣСţ͸ɴ΢Ĺ⣬ȥө档
õģСܽӴѸٵϸܷ΢΢֨ѽ˵ӳ
Բ޶¸̾ûһΪǴεĳĬա
ɵˡһۡͷĬһᣬҵ˿ָͷѽƣȻֿ˿ڣ̴֪µϺж˵ʲô𣿡
˵ʲô
˵ܶĸһЦ
ˣ޼һͦһӲʶĺ֪Щʲô桭
˵ĶѽĻ
㡭޲֪˵ʲôá
û˰°ͣЦĿ
ˣǡ
ѽ˵㸣ҲԽһδ
㻹ǲҡ޶Ŀ
ǲšЦʹ޵Լ
һš˺ü£ϻͳһƬҲû׹ʲô˼
ʲôôЦ˵˵
ްצŽﷴȥĴһ˵ǳȵģģһһģׯʢ
Ұܸģȫ㣻Ҫģһȥ

ûֻ֣ԲԲĴ۾ȵã
š
չӭȵıϢ촽һЦݾʹǵ˿Ϊ㣬ԣš

Ѿ˺þãþãþ֮
˵ĳĳھ̴£λϺչӺص˭˭˭ĸʱ漴ЦˣòҾȥȻ˵
ңĸ

ΪǸʱ
Ѿ㡣




[ʮ]

¸֯æһһ죬ԸߢҲˡ
޶ͷûհɣ߶Щʲôѽ
һļ򣬼Ц˾ҪȥӢ¾塣ҳ
ת̤˿
ͻȻоȥ̳
ߵС˾ʣүҪüʱأǲҪظҡҡ֣ͽһСԶԶŽ䱸ɭϵĿĽ͵ĴϷбеѿȿֺɶŶشҪƼɵζ
ȻӦҪ㿼ԵġҪ˺ȡ
Ǿ㵽ס

޴ӿʱ̫ѾƫԼŶˣɢ˼Ƶġʥʾһ٣˳˳رεĿԼ˵ʵйˣҵЩĿĿһһ¾Ȼ֮˼·ľǡǡ
±ԿǣȻĴʼǸĵҪԼأ
ţתȺмһСˣүүͣߡ
Ŷ޾߹ȥһһʣүأȼȥˣ
үһֱȵģɾ͸ողУ˵ǡүˡСһһʮĻش
͵վס￦һ졣
ʲô

ļǵıؼѾȥվˡڳﻹûֻһʹ˲ŴоΡ
޸˲ϻش𣬡ôʲôˣأ
̾ȥɽ𳤰ɽһ̣˭֪ѩ·ɽϣѾѶ׶༪١ļȲѾ˸һȥӦ
ϼǰɣתߣҲȥ
޶ȵһ£˻ûӦѾ˳ȥţϽ˷Ӹ˳ȥ
ʹǧ𣬿Ȼ
ǧǧҪʲô²źá

жܣ޾ԼӦ֪ġ
ʵûãշ˾飬µʱССһŵŵڵ·ѧ˵ѧ·һһ㳤ÿÿ̶鶫ܣֱḮǰϦ
󲢲ޣǵõʱһμʱյסԸ˼䣬ȻҪߵһ˲䣬СֱܵһקסӣȻ󻬵°ڣſ۾ˮģ᲻ܶ಻ܶû
ԼССôúʱԺԺ˵Ǹѧİ
չݼţö¡
СֻҪǵĸĶøɸɾڰͷ
ڡ
޸оؿʹۡ

ڸϵվɹΧǽ浽ǳյģҪߵģϢϦɫҴҡ
ȥѯʵС˻˵ȥݵĳӸո̣˽ΣŽнԶĳӣüͷһ壬ͻȻȻſɤӴ󺰡

աӡ󡪡
ͬߵʹĲƣһ˿ȵĴУ̶չɺƴĺ

ոǰеĳһȻֹʻ̽ͷү𣿡
æӦһȾ˹ȥ
ȻĳӣںļͼԼүæҪ³ްڰʾǲҪȻʾС˻ȥ˵Ѿƽ·˲ùģͻȻʲôϽԸ
ҵ˵ǲ˱ϣ׼ͨڼɽˣѩɽ˻ڵġһҪ죡
Լܵǰ档ǰ泵ϹźӣŹȥͿһֻССһߣһҲ
ˣƿ˽ȥ

ӻ̣ĳԯ͹ƽĵ棬ϸ΢ĵһһɳ
󡣡
һխխĴϣĶµҹĻڸ顣̫̾ˣء
ۣ˳ؿڣһ͵͵ĳɲǼߵӣ
޾Сһץ·վʹޣ·Ŀ۵ı˺²Ȼһȥֻˮ
ûµģս֣ء
۷ʲôء

ʲôûȷ֮ǰ˵һжпܷ
;ϢʱסѾŸһһҹ·ˣԵʲô
ҡҡͷ۽ЩףӿġͷúڳһᣬԼȥˮȡ
жܵһЪŵĳ
ڻٸôʱ͵ݱ߽ˡžžળź̡
룬סһӣݿȸȥӦոֻʣڣ˵ү·ͻᵽǰģȻ˶٣ȥ¶ٹףԼֽǮҪϺõģԱʱ֮衣
ȥˣվڽͷϦѪѳŨīӰıֱꡣ
˵ʱܻ᲻¶Լһ棬ƽʱʲôгʲô¶΢΢ЦԼ޵ĳһֻ׸߸İȸվڶ˸Ķˣ̧ʱܿԿϸë
ǿ˶һ档
ĴΪҪܹȥڣȥ

λѾ˯ˣϸë²ǵĹ͵ߡ
ŵ·ϣԼһ߿

ôԼǷ
Ѿܳɳȥˣ



[ʮ]

ʱڽݳǡ
Сھǳޱݵģʱѧ飬ſϣԼǰȥģǵĵط˵
˵ľˡ
Źе٣ˮСŶࡣҹźޡ
дƽȻû׿˵ͬһСźӳ꣬ٵˮϻιҲСʱ򲻿ɶõ֮һ
ԺһҪ
δ

ԴȥݿʼǺκ鵱÷飬ŤȥȴһȻԵõӡ

浽ݳǣɷ羰续
̤ʪ·ϣޱŴ⣬ߵʱпݻƵҶ£֦Ȼðѿ
һȣͣԼ֡ȥɣ
ȥ˾Ǽˡ

ռҶѾ޳ˡ
ްɢڴﱧСܵһѱһᣬӶˣСҲɵޣһȰȰú壬æתô޼£żԺӣһֱϡ
޸ϽԼҵСɢˣȻ߽ȥ
밲лδȷϢҲҪȱ塣
￴ﶼð˻վָӾ㻹µ˭Ȱүµģڵãһֵ˹֪ɵˣ
һΣɫһ°ˡ޴ӺһѷסæЦԲȲҪŭֻϵҵѾȥˡ˵帣Ǹգ߱ôһֱ˳˳ȻȻҲδ֪
̧ͷһۣǾ̫Ĺӣڱүƽ°ɣ˵һôȥ˶ǹ¶ĸĿô˵ֿޣ߿ޱҧ󣬡δѲիոҲԸ
æĻشһǡȻѾǷ˷䣺ҲˣȻطϢɣء

һ°ˣ˸ɾֻʣ
ԼȻûһ¶ڵϣͷϥﲻ˵ҲŶȥҪ
ίͿ޳ɣûˡ
Ϳʼ鶯һһŴӸ첲ð΢С̵Ķе˵С޴ԱƸݵļ¶͸·ůůģȵġ
ֲ㡣
ŤŤӣ޾ͰַһԾޡ֦ϷֻЪˣҶӷƷһΣʱһĹӰһ̨ס
˺һûжˣ̧ͷŽëҰģģһʪવǰԴʡˣ
ӣ΢Щƣˣˮ
ЦˣվԱߵ˲衣ŰСĨĨˣʱÿ޵ʱٿޣڲǿ޵ʱ򣬻һҪء
ޡ
۾·ϲᣬɴ˽ȥؿƵ˵ƾʲôұ˺˾˵ܻӭⲻƽƽ


лӡ
ռݵĴ̻үһڳɽյ¸˳һ㣬һ±㴫ƽǶ֪ռǴ󻧣үٵ¾ӣھ飬СĸߣĲʮţСĲŸչꡣ
ôļҵһүôһȥӣǰĺ˭ܼң
ɲǣռҶ˿ɲʡ͵ĵƣүˣլȫͷˣʱʱڼңʲôأ
෹ͷƹݲ跻⻰ͷôȥʱ˰ȻȻֹ

æĽͷö
յѲãοʵοʣ££вı˽ģӵģǰ˳ȸ̾ȥԼ¿ʼõģǧ˶޵Ļ˵ھǷ⡣
Ƿءһۣñүͼææȥˡ
ԽԽеˣ޿ıӰЦŵͷʱֲüͷ
Ϊүܵҩ⣬ռҵǣŶҴһ⣬ҲǱأٽʡǣһеүһȥѶЩǼۣһһԼͶ˱Ǯòر׷Ҫˣ⣬Щһֱռ̴ѹ̧ͷСһ̺ǣгûҸͶҪ£̲֮ơ
޾Լ۶ˣοͷĿŻͻҪܳȥŴտͨȵȵȵȣôһСᣬҪǵϵİȫ
ûʱģûоȥʹ˼ʹˡ
еۡ
һŻɫ԰׵һС
ЪЪɡͷèˡ
˵ôĿһᡣȻ˳ӡ
㿼ô
ͷĿûʲôô
ԣһֱûü㡣
ЦŲǣ˭
ԺǲҪھǵģ
Ҳɡ
Ŷ˲С˺ü֣ǲǵȽҰ죬ʱϵرַˣ
˵ʲôأȻġ޷ĶϸĿô
ûʲô۾ɴ顣ղԼһΪռ̺ŵ飬ųʹοʵƤ㣬˺֮ǺΪ˽Ϊݡ
ౡ
뱲ĶôܶԼѾ¶˾ģҪ´ˡ
ǡ
̧Ưһһ綼ôϤ϶ЩԼģɷָģҲָġ
ǡ
ʲô޶Ŀ⣬һѰ۾󡣡
ҡͷ㡣


޼üģѾôЩˣͨżΣ˵ǱѾͨ·ǲ˽ɽѰˣûϢ
ƫƫҰϾҪˡ
ݺˮ峺ļףƵϸĳ棬ʦһСʯͷһ˦˳ȥ
ʯͷ´˼ˮ͹ݽȥˡ
ݽȥˡӦþָоɡ
Լǳܱ̺Ŵ˳ɢɢģǰųȥԽԽҪˣĵĲûеүڣ൱ûһôûɣ֦֦෱ʢҲᱻ޶á
С˼˱ԵѾԼӴط˳Ӹˣ޵ĺ޿óʱԼܵС
ǹҪҪʵʵԼԸĨ˵䡮Ѿҵˣ
ֻýָ⡣
ЩԼСߵỹ
޾Լֱǿˡ


ɾʱһСԶԶ˳ͷıܱߺүүүˣү
޵˼·񱻴۵ıһڵһһڣ๾ȥԶ



[ڶʮ]

ϢƾӲһըһ㣬ȾܡǷСüŸô˵ٶ޸գɸճžֻһС˻Ŀɿڴվԭء
ǹأ
ܡˡ
Сת̻ص۵һţСһò׷Ӧ͸̿һҡҰڡ
մȡ

ϵɽµĴҵģɽαǲɶõĺϵüȻһˣִҪԼɽһ̽û뵽ϴѩɽֻð;ɽµС˲áڴʳסöȫҲ飬ȻĽٳٲóɽҲ㰲ȡ
ֻǣв֪ˣġ

ϲʱԤ׾žߴ㶣žͲ˼תȥϺҲ˼£ԽԽ࣬˵̵ˮ£ôҲĨɾ
ôֿЦŰתҵ˾͸ø˰ٿ޸ñˡ
ʹͷﹾཱུȥ֪ͨ
Ըһ§ӱ΢һЩÿ԰°ͷͰȷȥǡÿۺÿĲӣԳ̲ס϶һһĦԭԭһЦ˳СҲǰ޵ġ
һ㣬ӣ֦ƴƿתһ̤š


ܳԶٰˡ
Ƕģ̬ȣ˵ҲܿѾôּҵľϸֻ̣ˡ
û˸ȥ޸˵㡣
æţͷһûͷܹɵ˵áĶǲǾһ仰һһþͷŵ£Լ
޾ץ֣ϸż˵ģҡ
͸ɴһǱһƣץץɣЩȫŪץ
㡭޺޵޲ܰקţúһٰһ̽ȥ
۵üͷɾŲֱѾ߽˵Է

ڷҲٸ˵;ԹԺȲ裬ԴǱߴĳĿӶæвˡ
λǶأҪûĹǶҪҳһ㣡ݹһɨǰԹЩúù࣬үһ·ѰصģǼĶء
̫ˣ嶼ǴСĽ飬ҲЩӦõģЩ£ûָ㣬һһЦһ߼󡣡
һȻЦҲ޵лǡ
ף޷Ӧʱ䣬˾Ʊվһ֣Ƕлˡ
Ҳæվšֵֹ֡ģһӾ˸˵ʲô
μ¾Ʊƹӳɫÿ촽΢΢ţǸ˻
ǲǿ쵽ʱҰˣƺûע⵽׷ʡ
ţҪµס޻ع
˼ͷȴֽתͷ󣬡ξͲҪؾˣҲˣҲġ
һ㶡ȻǱĻش
á
ƽߣһ԰ɫĻո˼ľ롣οյĻ⣬ҹŨޡ

治һȥˣԹ޼һ·߻ȥ
ޱƿķǱߣ֡
㺰ʲôվԭûٶ
֣Ļȥ㲻ϲүṫӣ
ãܺúܺãҧѾѹ˶յĲջɹﵽȼ㣬ֺӣڵ˼ޣȫɷĩֱײ
ֱһᣬṳ̋˷䣬Ȼһš
㡢ʲôޣð𣬲ŲɵЩ֣̿һȭʹϣ
޶ҲһԲƹ磬ˤڴϡ
ʱñȻһƬò׻̧ͷӸ¿Ӱֻ޳Ӱߴ㺰ʲô
㣡
Ҳŭˣ˵žҪ壬ȴֱ۵Ķ㲻ܵĻȭͷҹȥ
ŻӹȭͷҲȭͷǸƯϣžһ£ҪеӲеۣǸо˳Ÿ첲£һֱԼĲ̣ƺôһۺͺڡ
ôһ˲ĳУһץס첲߬ѹͷһǯסԼ˫ţͻȻ֮󲻽۵ķ
㣬ʲô޵ͷһһٵĻڣ۾΢΢ź죬ƽЦ޺ºͼһƫƫǸƺî˾󶯵ˣһǻŭͷȴеίұϵһǯָоررûӣҧ촽ӡ
СһĶţӾ;յڻ͸ůĹ⣬žžǾϴײ
ͻȻ͸
촽һȣ΢¶ӿɲռ˰ա۾šüۻάԭ䣬ɽë¸һϤůҪǳԵСһһȡ
޾͸о촽Ϻݺһۣ۾һգ̾ˡǸͨĹĵĵһٸҹҧ㡯ļơ
ейַߣΪҪҧˣ˭֪ްָڴţú㡭Ϊʲôǲء
󣬡һ糺ü۽ǡ
㲻֪Ҿжϲ㡣

ָϢʪʪģǺˮǼ磬ϵϸķҡҷˮݣһƺʧˣСڰããؼ䡣



[ڶʮһ]

屻ʹǯţ˫ֱݺݽţȴů㣬˵ϲ㡣
ƫƫʴɫһⲫսƵĸж𣿺ÿÿһҧҪ˲豭
ɣʱ
ĸжˡ

ԼˣӶǸһצ˵ҽɶɶɶصޣǸָԼߵ˵ҲŲҪޣǸƨ̲סƲޣǸ˵ϱ˵ֱ׳ޣǸԼЦ˵ҪҵޣǸﱧԼһһҹ˵صޣǸüëһŭһֱ㺰ʲôޣһֱԼָͷ׵ָԵޣôſžģˣ첲ƵĺܳĨ۾ȴղǵڼοޱˣԼһôȫָˣôӸ¿ţһľ͡
ߵͷ㣬ʪۿ˹⣬ǸӰ˽ǧذת˼ô˦˦ѡ
ʵ
ǲָܸ˭ء
ôԼѾȫȫסǰûˣҲˣʣµһĿŶܡһԴɲǾ˷磬뱣־ĲУȡ֣Ψ²ңĺһ谭Ժĥ뷨̫ʵˣҲӲҲܲˣԼƭȥο
޿þòشɢͷһ۾һ۾ݽͷȥˣӻƵĳƤķһСˮա͸Ͻ§͸պÿǿžӨ͸СˮűǸ͹۹°ͼ⣬žһ˴С
ҡļȥ۾ͷһͱܹˣȻһҧϣĲʹҧݸոǶʵƤµ
޼˺ѷһۣгšһȥˡ§ְҲɡ
ҧˣ˿ھͿϴһһ±ӣݹˮģɢɢۺ׵Сģ޽ߣ޿ۡ
˵ıϾǡ
ޣĨĨᣬ㣬ԺٸҶԣ

ʱѾ̵ԾİӰһůһĺϣüë۾
ϾлʹĿ׷ȥſĿĵ˿ڣˢˢСӡӡⷺŲֵķɫ״ʱԼ˯㡣
ĪƽʱҧҲǺݶ쳣
Ϻ˰˯˵ģûԼߣԱ׼ͶͱƱ˸첲˯ڡһÿƤװ׵ģ촽۵ģ۽ǻһĨίίĺ죬˭֬¿ˮô§һƽɾǲֻܶǿŴǱ͸¶ССظȵȵȵʵǽⲻ˲æץһ˯Ϳʼ֡
Ժò۰ʶֻ֮Լ·滹ûüצӡ
һ죬Ρ˫һʹ޲ȭͷֶ˺һ˵ûˣ


ãԷʱͻȻ˵Ҫȥһط㲻˵ҪҴȥѿν￴
ûСˮ԰֣ǵط޼ݣ̵Ĳ裬ְżͣſڵʯϣԶԶ߽ˣߡ
⻻һؾѣŹƷƿդţƽʯ̵·ӣīǲɫðͷݣʪͷ
·ľͷһݵĽʯྻ⻬ı顮ո֮Ĺ
Ĺͷ΢΢Ц

ԭϣںùƷ̧ͷǱģڱϣУʤ꣬ɼ
šҶǵģֻǵ˵ֽǮЦЦСʱȥˣҶӡֻʣôһʯͷԾʱʱȻ˵˵
˵ЩʲôҲչգѵֽңƹͷ˶ĺ
ʲô˵˵ˣѩˣҶӻˣˣжӮˣʲô飬ȥʲôطĴζһĻ˵飬ʲôУʲô˵ʲôЩį˵˵Щ㣬ģУȴ
ǣλ˵ˡ޿һᣬȻ󿪿ڡ
㣿Щ֣Ҫ˵ʲô£
¡һЦ漴һһ۹£ֳ㣬ȥλϣСֶޣΪܴӦһ£󽻸ңһҵչϧһһа٣ͽҶٲ֮أֻأ񹲷ߣ
ŵ󾹱ԣһԵɴ۾ǲǸֹˣͻԼߣһһ֣žĻ죬ԵβԼ֮䣬ʡ
˵꣬ԼҪٿ޸ĻⱲӿܾעѹˡ˦˦ǰ޾͹
ƽһƽĺ档˺ܺãʱҲƢʱʱɵÿԣûаյĻͻȥŬ˵Ļᵱʱÿԣʱͺڿ죻ʱƻˣСʶҲ죬Ȼͳϴʱ֦Ҷؼʱһ˿ܴҴ򲻹ĺܺãõҰϳӳĸԸҴ򲻹ͳû۸ңҳŲˣͻŻᣬȻô۸˵Ļȫʵ˶٣۾˵
᲻ͬأ

ӹݼ⣬һ糿¶ˮߣԶԶƮһСƣǶ΢ڰ𽥱͸˿ɿԽޣһĺ硣
˵Ҹ˵Ҫúչ㣬ô͸״˵۸㣬϶㡣
˵۸ѽ
˵ˣֻزˣ±Ҳˡ
˵ûϵҵġ
˵㻹аա
ЦˣЦЦһһ£

˵š




[ڶʮ]

ҰϾҪˣҹ̻˾ǣүƽƽѽ˱ɽүһЦ˺ӡ
úúã컯ļ򣬿ŶЦ⺢ӿԵˡ
粻ϸТӣҲͲ˵ʲôæ˰ڷ˵Ǹүѹӷ硣

ڶݸȫλȻռͷһʱ
үߣһһҼӻãһƽ֪ոүССͲ˫ȫĺÿͷԴֶηǳѾԺˣ̽Ķ˳ޡ
ǫףͷ̧ʱܵͷȥ׷ʵޣЦķˡ
ҲýҰ˰ɣ
ž˸ţһϲɫүԸУӰۣ

ռСܵԺͷ˿ף¸ű̵̱ͣһһǵĸܡ
磬硣۵Сץס·°ʹҡϽҪСүңүء
ЦŻӻְ֣ѵܱ֮ܵǰתͷ˵裬Ըȥʰװ
գգۣүҪȥ
Ц̹ȻǸ˿ҪɻڴˣȻñһݴȥزǡ

˰ۣһ˶Цĺϲ£죬Ⱑ⡭˾һĨᣬгϢˣ޶гϢˡ
޵һʱѾалʥϣоٵĸ·ѧӻ٣ǰŻٻ׷໥ء״Ԫһţںӣ촽һԣľګګġ
ޣԶԶļ̌ȥŻҥӳһȭϣۣôһŪȥٸ˵˵
޸ҪشͻȻԱ߲Ŀ׷ף̫һϸɤᴫ֮ϣֹ
޾ͰŻҥһȥѹҶСأ
ŻҥüëС岻֪ģˣ˵Ҫȥֻҵҿܲȥ㵱һְٰҲáֻ̾Ҫߡ뿪һ˵ġ
޿ȦЩ죬Żҥֱͥһ汾͹ƵûϵģСʱʲôʦ˰Сģ˵֮㳤֣ȻҪ߲ǡ
ŻҥЦˣ㿴ľһ࣬Ϸ֪ԼѧеľȻ϶Ҫ˺ӡȲ˵Сأóʱûô
ôͷǲ֪һ֮˵Ҫȥƽ֪ʥͬͬѽ
Żҥû壬˵ʲô
ʱǰſ۷׷׵Ƕ̰ͿһƷ̫Ų߳ɤӣǻĸ٣˴ε״Ԫżڣޣ̽һʥ
˦˦ӰȥʱԱߵŻҥƣǴС໥֪İš
ס
סϣ

ӹɢ˼ܡʵŸ£ͷȴǰ˷ȣŽɹԴ衣
ʥʱ򵹲̫ţһƳ˲ԵүԼüЦЩֵֹġϺ񱻴ͨһһԼͳ˺ԺĿ٣úøոүĹϽ֮¡
ߵףл¡Ȼ޾;ԼԼһ䡮лʥ϶䡯ˡ
ƫƫСϲǮŪְȨҪȻһ𵱸СҲǲġǼһݣţԼ˰žʹȥɵŶûУκּƷƷ٣㵹Ҳ˵ͶͱˣԪԶ˳ۡ
޺˼룬ԽԽƺ˻𡣶ʱȻͣ£һԴײϽŭһð߸ߣ͵ƿ𣺡ʲô
ӭ浲·ҲһӣԼ۹ԣһղԼӰ߳ԼһǳЦƢղӻˣ
һ㶣ЩžŵСĸɾͷЩᡣ
աϰ塣

ĳ˿϶롮ǮԶҪ˸нԺظ˵ĳĳĳĳˡóҡ˵Ķ𣿡
ȿȿȡһ죬СֱӻؼҾͺѽ¾Ʋ˸
ذϾƵݹȥףްףְ֣ôһҲͲֵʲôˡ
޽ӹƱͷȻһק֣϶ϽƲŲࡣ
ü˷棬˵Ʋ»ҹܺȵ𡯣˼·չ˵»顯֣һ¾ͺˡ΢£ɴͷ֣پܾ֡޿ôܣϲ̵ץ֣գļĦһĺ죬촽סƱʱ򣬶ԷĺԼüң۽ǣ˳£ϸ磬ëԼģߵ˵ĽΣֱķſĳ嶯˳ܷƶʴ
¥ĽŲ˲˺գ󴥵һ㿪ϵĺβ쵽ӸľƱҲ˳ʣİյо޶ͷϣŽëµδΣδΣ³³ççܽС˴ĿǾƱڵذϵ
ʲôŭ˸ղûԸȥһ䡮ûţšȺûκǡ
ߡүղ˵ȥȥһˡ



[ڶʮ]

Ժȥ״Ԫ⣬ֱ̽Ӿͱί˱ޣƷЩͷЩļǵϱǣˣî˾ɣ飬һһϸдϸǴߣһ˿
ŸԸеģְλǻʼҶģʲôʱ߶ֱӹҲǰͷһλչ˵Ĵ˴һʷ̧Ъۻ׵ĺӳЦЦָָЩˣǰ
Ǿֵ³һֱصҶ̵˵ࡣ
ΪһʵǮûʣԤ˿£̺ŵȥӻûջһһȥм侹ƽͷ۲ѣôָͷѸ̴ž졣޾ͿָͷôжƵİָͷôȥҪģͳͣµһСʱһץִ꣬޼뵭۵ָ׻ƵĿϣԼǰ˵ģ⺢ӳģָⶼǺÿġ
ԼָͷְһĪѧǿࣿ
һҪע⣬޲֣ͦĶ˵СƵĳڻĲԼָ֪ͷһûʹô죿ҵģָͷҵġ
ЦһԿϣʲô̼ˣ
޳̾ҽ˼ʱʷȫǿʢһһϦ䣬ǧǧ򣬾ͷôһ輰ʱЩû˾ûˣһ죬һʱ˵ôˡ
գûû֪࣬ʲô޾ʹյԱߣԴƵС֮ǰĴЦݳ֣СհÿϹ§§ĺǲ㹻İ輰ʱ輰ʱ𡣡
ľȻתͷôûӦʱͻȻһԼϣһĲȽʵʵˤڴϣվ˸ָڵټϸһôȱɲܲ𣿡˵ߡ
գӣ󣡣޴飡
ſڣתͷЦȻ
޳ܡ

׾Թ϶緢ǰۿҶҪתƣѹ˶ʮޡ
̫׵˻٣ò˫ȫģŵԵģү̫̫ۡϻؼңһĻͷǾǵĹǶˣ
ûˡһ˱ͷҲ̧֪ҹǿ⡣
ϧѽǿķˡ߹ȥڻ˭ߡ
รôôаգֲͣģҿɲһ᲻ӡ
ɻشϣô˵зӲɵһ죬ô죿
滹ôһĻ±ʣȱʼϵīλ̨ͿЦֻþȥ
ŤƵĲ˵ɴھͳ԰ɳ԰Ҳ⡯ʱҲŷ˷ɧ糯үҺȲ裬м侹޶֡
⡭ץµֲĿʼĪүҲ
ڻ˵үҿֻ޶꣬ǰһ飬ү⣬ҲֻӦţʹûҲֻװɵ֮ȥЩ˼Һˡ
˼ͷʱֻǳ

޻֪飬ϴӦȥͬȥĻк״Ԫͺ۵̽үǶͷ˾˽ҲȻºǾүԼǲ̫һܳһʱల£ҲֻܽΪԼˡ
ʱ
Ҫ̣
ǰ㻹ǵǰݶ𣿡Ѷ£ڴϣѾ߽ʰҲûϢ֪ǸϰȥʱͲ֪ΪʲôûˣȻϵĲҲ粻ϣԻȥһ˱Ƚ׵
ûˣʲôʱ
˳ĻӦǰͲˣӣ·ϵˣҾֱӻݹˡ
ôô޸ֹСѾ߽˵үС֣Ҹһȥ˳ȥǣһ˵Ҫܻ

滹·Щ̺˲ɫٽ·һߣЩǲҵ޲ڣӻ֣ǲȥ㣬ͺúϢ·϶עЩ
æ˵ǣæһ仰쳯ûʲô£ȥˡ
㲻Уүող룬˵ȥ밲˶˶٣óһȥʱ򣬰ϣԳʸү
޺ͬʱһ㶣޾ͽӹһǸ̽ż㣬ʲô
֣üģүҪģʸǡ
֡
Ȼһ죬һĿⲻȻƮ󣬶Ҳҧ촽һҧѪӡӣ޵Ĵۡ

үУǰ£һܣһɡңҿ㣬״Ԫ乫俤ǲӼˣôȥһμѻôƲסһŨŨζڴϳ̾бޣʶôãôҲñһݴĺ˵ùȥǲѽῤ
޵һۣüͷšһ֣Ƿż㣬Ҫðñʸ˺ˣʲôɷǣдǸ
źã˾۾䲻Ҳⲻ֣֮󿴿ָףŪþȫҽȥСͻҪˣƸ۵ĺð취
ھ͸ȥˣ˵ϲүԲȢСҧȭҪȥ
źã˵ҪѪϴ棬Ȼ㱻ұߣӴһžͻڳϦ֮䴫顮̫İ۹ǸϲСһȿ϶Ҫվͬھĺð취
ߣߣʲôүʲôʲôʲô»һ˭ҲĵطԼԼȥ޼ˣץۡ
㵽ʲôͨԵģ˦˦֣ظһ˼ҵ˸ĸ˹Ǳж˿ܰ𣿡
˵ô죿ǺҾ˳ӦȢСȻÿܳ͵飡ץסѽΣԸҲԸ⣡
ε߻أͻȻԼϲһ϶ΪϣòײѿȰҷԸȥȥϵгӺ󣬵ȥȥ
㲻ȥˣ޵ɴ۾
۾ᲦỤ̄ү⣬ǱҲֻ׬⣬˵ʲôܱθĶأ
޲̫ףҪʲô
ЦЦĿһᣬȻպá
ɡ޿ֿ
ˣָָǽǣ۾Цúö
ΪΪʲôͻȻˣ亹һ
̫ˣ飬Ժʱ䳤úо٣Ƿǣ롣




[ڶʮ]

С϶ԼΪûô˵ġ
ŵǸԼȲģͷĶͷ۵촽ϲЦС͸оǰӦϺõĭϸϸİѵġ
ȥˣһ˱ȥˡСץ˿ȹһ˼鶢󿴣Ӿ¥żĴͶоݻģƬӰƤӳЩЩ͸Цģ·ӲӵЩҫۡ
СԺ˲תʹȥ⾪޵ĸоô£ô۹Ŀֱ̫ûˡѵóôûҪǼǶ˿ӳѽ̫ջˡ
СѾ߿˼ϽС˵СǶ촩ѡ
ߣ죬С£ʲô£
ĸĸңĳպ·ż£뿤ȱʵٹްЦżҲص㣬ʵҪѾЩǮСֵҲһܸżȻǰӽϴؼС͸ˣˣЦɡ˵ű㽫ϵľл򿪡
֮ˣСЩޣߡ
Ц𻰣ǼƿиӣСŤͷɲǣֻһָкԼ۾СѾ߾ССľһС㣬Ҫӣ
СŲ˶١ͨӨ׵÷ӢʤΪԼǰ찮ͷɺɵ޻ѾŵҪ˺ö죬˵յ֮顣ô֪
м仹һ䣬ﶼУǿȴϡִ̾һӣſǰЩ˵ι֬գ֪õ֬պñµõǲ֪ǷȤ
ƮСԼȶˣôŲˡǱ߾Ȼִ˲ƣĲÿһӣÿһݺǯסԼ񣬶º͵͸Ȼ߷˴һֱ

÷ѩ֬
Ƿ¶Һ
ǽʲΡ

ƴƴдѨֱֱɡСҧҧһת޵ԼСϣ¼ձߵĺ⡣չл뽲
Цˣָס򦣬СѾ߰ʹɫµĲ趼ˣ»һΣ

Ѿӽĩˣϵʼһһıƣȴ͸żмֻЩݶܽǱŻ
治̫﾿ʲôֻõĲʱСӱԼʵı黨黨
ᡪڡ
ô˵ģ겻ЦĻ˵ǿҲΪеŮ۹ⶼһģֳӺôΣԸŮĻⲻ׬ġ

ͬĻĳԺͽ֬ˮĶĿǱϲ϶ģ´ξԴΪͶ̺ŶƣܻӭҲǾǵ̻һˡ
ޡ
䱻ûκθݵ˵ĿǳǾĺһ֤˭Ŀ⣬ſµ۹⣬Ҳ뿤ҵվǰǶѽһơ˵أ
С֪һѰѡޡ׵ԶԶģʣֻһǻ˾˵û۹⡯Թտǣ͵ͷǾϰˡ
ʵ󿴿ЩСϲĶЩĳ֪ܵЩȫ½̽һȹĲŵ֪СЦζˡ
Сһ㶣Ϻһ˵˾䡮ǡѾض顣
ıӰһͳһС㲦Ū˲Ūüͷ
ⱾͶЩްޣҪô⳥ң

˳ֱ֮ؼĵķűڴ˯ȣ˹ȥ֨
𼱱𼱣˵˯ʵĸҪգû¾ͱָűЦүһˣҲȥˣʲôšɽǰ·һ尡ҹǸ󣡡
ӱӣ㣬ָָޣָָϵָָ̣ǽǣף
һѣǲǣһҹá
бһۣȥšס䣬һҹ㣬šһ£ͷ̽Σšһ£ڵΣšһ£Σšһ£߶Σšһ£ڴǰΣšһ£ͼϴһΣšһ£ͼҵĴһΣšһ£ͼı죬ޣΣҧÿ죬סʹš޲ҽš͵ˣ
ôȫ֪޴䣬ĪҲһҹû˯
һĺǷͷôô䣬Ȼ۾Ⱳ⣬ô˯ţ
§סЦⲻҵġ
ҲЦˣסٿһ㣬䲻䲻𡣡


ȫˣǽǣӲӵһʱӡ֤ʱĻֽɡ˭ֲˣԺǽһ棬ƤοССдż֡

٣񼣬ʱ
ֻ֪÷¡

ŤŤģ֪Ǻµ飬ȴ̽Щϸ֣һȦһȦҲǣƲСϪҲҲ໨ͲܶĴ֯ޣװŻƤͭӣСһһʱҲ벻ȴҲʧˣôš
ҲôĶĶǨ;УȻһӣͻأ۵ġ
ͳˡ

ԭЩڡ
޵ĵǲ֮ˣСӦ˺þòŷԼȫǣ˱˺ܳһ·ͷҲزˣ˼첻˼֮үΪ۱Ůڻǰһ޵ĵˡ
ҡҡͷݣ˲Ÿոճ²ãλþҪ޶ȥֿҲãҲȥϤĵطִҪȥ￪̺ŵĻҲ໥ҲиӦˡ
ǰϦ䵹ʰʱһƱż㣬Щڰ
̽ͷƵļȫһ޵ġʹXXգޡֻĲ鲻Ըķʵһˤžž죬ĺ£ĶС
һţֱֹֿôõϰôûܼȥ̫ϧ˼ֱ̫ϧˡ
ſͷЦιιӰɣЩѾˣ㻹ô
±أգգۣ±أ±ءô׷Ź㣿õͦġ
úú~Ǹɴһ⣬߿ŵļӣڴϣ̿һŴֽһ̣մϰ嶯ְЩһɣǻΪǩһŵϺˡ
ֻЦ㲻ġ
޻ס֣߬סʣСҸǿȨŶ
ԡ֣߬ůůģǼպīֽһһ˵дţЩŤЩѿЩطˣЩطϸˡʵʱī㲻ֵɢӡһһī

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ЦЦЦŷ̫ԣתͷ˭˭ģ
޴ս˵أ
ֿֿ֣㡭
͵һֿǣϸ۾һУͷ;ûٸκηĻᡣ

ҵġ
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С󣬴ʼǺϺԺ󣬴Ⱳӵ¡Ӻˣǡ
б׷ͣ÷
ǹ£
Ǵ棬
Ѿע˵ġ
ԡ

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ȫ꣩




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